Section 172 of the IP Code
lists the works covered by copyright protection from the moment of their creation, namely:
Books, pamphlets, articles and other writings
Periodicals and newspapers
Lectures, sermons, addresses, dissertations prepared for oral delivery, whether or not reduced in writing or
other material form
Letters
Dramatic or dramatic-musical compositions; choreographic works or entertainment in dumb shows>
Musical compositions, with or without words
Works of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving, lithography or other work of art; models or
designs for works of art
Original ornamental designs or models for articles of manufacture, whether or not registrable as an industrial
design, and other works of applied art
Illustrations, maps, plans, sketches, charts and three-dimensional works relative to geography, topography,
architecture or science
Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character
Photographic works including works produced by a process analogous to photography; lantern slides
Audio-visual works and cinematographic works and works produced by a process analogous to cinematography or
any process for making audio-visual recordings
Pictorial illustrations and advertisements
Computer programs
Other literary, scholarly, scientific and artistic works.
United States
A work is protected when it has been presented in some "tangible medium of expression"
(Section 102, Copyright Act) and
includes: